The Role of Dietary Polyphenols in preventing cancer and Their Mechanism of Action: A Review
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) |  |
| © 2019 by IJETT Journal | ||
| Volume-67 Issue-12 |
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| Year of Publication : 2019 | ||
| Authors : Alemu Mekonnen Tura, Tesfaye Seifu Lemma |
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| DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V67I12P203 |
Citation
MLA Style: Alemu Mekonnen Tura, Tesfaye Seifu Lemma "The Role of Dietary Polyphenols in preventing cancer and Their Mechanism of Action: A Review" International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 67.12 (2019):10-21.
APA Style:Alemu Mekonnen Tura, Tesfaye Seifu Lemma. The Role of Dietary Polyphenols in preventing cancer and Their Mechanism of Action: A Review International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 67(12),10-21.
Abstract
Dietary polyphenols are antioxidants that can scavenge biological free radicals, and chemoprevent diseases with biological oxidation as their main etiological factor. Due to this reason they have gained much interest benefits to human health such as anticarcinogenic, anti-atherogenic, anti-ulcer, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, immune modulating, anti-microbial, vasodilatory and analgesic effects. This review covers about the classification, bioavailability, antioxidant properties, metabolism and cancer preventive mechanism of certain dietary polyphenols. Bioavailability differs greatly from one polyphenol to another, so that the most abundant polyphenols in our diet are not necessarily those leading to the highest concentrations of active metabolites in target tissue. Dietary polyphenols may exert their anticancer effects through several possible mechanisms, such as removal of carcinogenic agents, modulation of cancer cell signaling and antioxidant enzymatic activities, and induction of apoptosis as well as cell cycle arrest. There are many types of poly phenol which are responsible for preventing of cancer like green tea fight against cancers of the stomach, bladder, esophagus, and prostate by modulation of signal transduction pathways, Red wine for lung cancer by reducing basal and EGF-stimulated Akt and Erk phosphorylation while it increased the levels of total and phosphorylated p53 (Ser15), The chemopreventive activity of curcumin is against most cancers such as colorectal, pancreatic, liver, lung, prostate and breast cancer, cocoa polyphenols and tamoxifen, a drug widely used for breast cancer treatment, similar to that described for EGCG, argan oil may be interesting in the development of new strategies for prostate cancer prevention. From these review, we conclude that there is evidence to assume that dietary polyphenols from have a differential cytotoxic effect on tumour cells relative to comparable normal cells from the same tissue derived from the same patient.
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Keywords
Polyphenols, antioxidants, anticancer properties, bioavailability, metabolism