Biomethane Production by Dry and Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste in a Pilot-Scale Plug-flow Digester Maintained at Thermophilic Conditions

  IJETT-book-cover  International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)          
  
© 2020 by IJETT Journal
Volume-68 Issue-12
Year of Publication : 2020
Authors : Narayana Swamy G, Nageswara Rao T, Venkatesh. G. S
DOI :  10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V68I12P202

Citation 

MLA Style: Narayana Swamy G, Nageswara Rao T, Venkatesh. G. S  Biomethane Production by Dry and Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste in a Pilot-Scale Plug-flow Digester Maintained at Thermophilic Conditions. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 68.12(2020):10-15. 

APA Style:Narayana Swamy G, Nageswara Rao T, Venkatesh. G. S. Biomethane Production by Dry and Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste in a Pilot-Scale Plug-flow Digester Maintained at Thermophilic Conditions. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 68(12),10-15.

Abstract
Dry and continuous anaerobic digestion of organic waste is a globally promising process of waste management. Researchers have carried out numerous researches on Anaerobic Digestion (AD), which are limited to laboratory scale. Very few attempts were made on a large scale and pilot scale. There is no much data on the long term operation of Pilot-scale plug-flow anaerobic digester under thermophilic conditions in terms of the operational parameter’s feasibility and stability. The objective of the study is to maximize anaerobic digestion to manage food waste effectively. In connection with a single-stage plug-flow anaerobic digester (PFD), it was designed and developed as a pilot-scale model and studied. To actuate the digestion and acclimatize the reactor, fresh food waste (FW) is co-digested with cow dung and previous digestate with an inoculum ratio of 2:1:1. The digester operated with different organic loading rates ranging from 2.4 to 12 with a fixed total solid concentration of 22.3% and Hydraulic Retention Time from 64 to 16 days. The Maximum biogas yield of 0.9144 m3 was observed at an organic loading rate of 7.5 kg VS/m3.day.

Reference
[1] Dong L, Cao G, Guo X, Liu T, Wu J, Ren N. Efficient biogas production from cattle manure in a plug flow reactor: A large scale long term study. Bioresour Technol 278 (2019) 450–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.100.
[2] Nguyen DD, Yeop JS, Choi J, Kim S, Chang SW, Jeon BH, et al. A new approach for concurrently improving South Korean food waste valorization and renewable energy recovery via dry anaerobic digestion under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. Waste Manag 66 (2017) 161–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.03.049.
[3] Nguyen DD, Chang SW, Cha JH, Jeong SY, Yoon YS, Lee SJ, et al. Dry semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of food waste mesophilic and thermophilic modes: New aspects of sustainable management and energy recovery in South Korea. Energy Convers Manag 2017;135:445–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.030.
[4] Jo Y, Kim J, Hwang K, Lee C. A comparative study of single- and two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste under uncontrolled pH conditions. Waste Manag 2018;78:509–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.017.
[5] Cho JK, Park SC, Chang HN. Biochemical methane potential and solid-state anaerobic digestion of Korean food wastes. Bioresour Technol 1995;52:245–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960- 8524(95)00031-9.
[6] Dhar H, Kumar P, Kumar S, Mukherjee S, Vaidya AN. Effect of organic loading rate during anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste. Bioresour Technol 2016;217:56–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.004.
[7] Dareioti MA, Kornaros M. Effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the anaerobic co-digestion of agro-industrial wastes in a two-stage CSTR system. Bioresour Technol 2014;167:407–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.045.
[8] Rincón B, Borja R, González JM, Portillo MC, Sáiz-Jiménez C. Influence of organic loading rate and hydraulic retention time on the performance, stability and microbial communities of one-stage anaerobic digestion of two-phase olive mill solid residue. Biochem Eng J 2008;40:253–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2007.12.019.
[9] Dinsdale RM, Premier GC, Hawkes FR, Hawkes DL. Two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge and fruit/vegetable waste using inclined tubular digesters. Bioresour Technol 2000;72:159–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00105-4.
[10] Mata-Alvarez J, Macé S, Llabrés P. Anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes. An overview of research achievements and perspectives. Bioresour Technol 2000;74:3–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00023-7.
[11] Li R, Chen S, Li X. Anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste and cattle manure for methane production. Energy Sources, Part A Recover Util Environ Eff 2009;31:1848–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567030802606038.
[12] Zhang R, El-Mashad HM, Hartman K, Wang F, Liu G, Choate C, et al. Characterization of food waste as feedstock for anaerobic digestion. Bioresour Technol 2007;98:929–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.039.
[13] T. Manoj , D. Ravichandran. Extraction of Methane from Natural Product and Natural Wastes: A Review, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), 17(4), (2014) 159- 162.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.046.
[14] Sajeena Beevi B, Madhu G, Sahoo DK. Performance and kinetic study of semi-dry thermophilic anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Waste Manag 2015;36:93–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.09.024.
[15] Kothari R, Pandey AK, Kumar S, Tyagi V V., Tyagi SK. Different aspects of dry anaerobic digestion for bio-energy: An overview. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2014;39:174–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.011.
[16] Wang M, Sun X, Li P, Yin L, Liu D, Zhang Y, et al. A novel alternate feeding mode for semi-continuous anaerobic co-digestion of food waste with chicken manure. Bioresour Technol 2014;164:309– 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.077.
[17] Zhang W, Wu S, Guo J, Zhou J, Dong R. Performance and kinetic evaluation of semi-continuously fed anaerobic digesters treating food waste: Role of trace elements. Bioresour Technol 2015;178:297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.046.
[18] Kataki S, Hazarika S, Baruah DC. Assessment of by-products of bioenergy systems (anaerobic digestion and gasification) as a potential crop nutrient. Waste Manag 2017;59:102–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.018.
[19] Sankar Ganesh P, Sanjeevi R, Gajalakshmi S, Ramasamy E V., Abbasi SA. Recovery of methane-rich gas from solid-feed anaerobic digestion of ipomoea (Ipomoea carnea). Bioresour Technol 2008;99:812–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.024.
[20] Deshmukh H V, Bartakke GR. Co-utilization of common weed Ipomoea carnea along with distillery waste for biogas production 2012;2:229–40.
[21] Patowary D, West H, Clarke M, Baruah DC. Biogas Production from Surplus Plant Biomass Feedstock: Some Highlights of Indo-UK R&D Initiative. Procedia Environ Sci 2016;35:785–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.094.
[22] Dareioti MA, Vavouraki AI, Kornaros M. Effect of pH on the anaerobic acidogenesis of agro-industrial wastewaters for maximization of bio-hydrogen production: A lab-scale evaluation using batch tests. Bioresour Technol 2014;162:218–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.149.
[23] Zhang J, Chen M, Sui Q, Wang R, Tong J, Wei Y. Fate of antibiotic resistance genes and its drivers during anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge-based on microwave pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 2016;217:28–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.140.
[24] Jenkins SH. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Water Res 1982;16:1495–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(82)90249-4.
[25] Razaviarani V, Buchanan ID. Reactor performance and microbial community dynamics during anaerobic co-digestion of municipal wastewater sludge with restaurant grease waste at steady-state and overloading stages. Bioresour Technol 2014;172:232–40.

Keywords
Dry continuous anaerobic digestion, organic loading rate, Volatile Solid reduction, Plug flow Anaerobic Digester, Thermophilic Dry fermentation.1