DC-DC Converters Using PID Controller and Pulse Width Modulation Technique
R.Sudha , Mr.P.M Dhanasekaran, Article : DC-DC Converters Using PID Controller and Pulse Width Modulation Technique, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology(IJETT), 7(4),165-168, published by seventh sense research group
Abstract
This paper presents a boost converter along with a flyback converter. The Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) technique is used to achieve soft switching. A bidirectional boost converter is connected with an output module as a Parallel Input Serial Output configuration. The flyback converter with Voltage Doubler Rectifier (VDR) acts as an output module. This connection makes a bidirectional boost converter an active clamp circuit which is connected to the output side in order to extend the step up ratio. A converter with active clamp technique is used to recycle the leakage energy, to eliminate voltage spike due to coupled inductors and also to provide a mechanism to achieve ZVS. To overcome the efficiency degradation during light load due to load dependent soft switching of the ZVS, a control method using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) proportional to the load current is used.
References
[1] Qun Zhao and Fred C. Lee, “High-Efficiency, High Step-Up DC–DC Converters”, IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 65-73, Jan 2003
[2] Marcos Prudente, Luciano L. Pfitscher, Gustavo Emmendoerfer, Eduardo F. Romaneli, and Roger Gules “Voltage Multiplier Cells Applied to Non-Isolated DC–DC Converters”, IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 871-887, Mar 2008
[3] Fang Lin Luo and Hong Ye, “Positive Output Super-Lift Converters”, IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp.105-113, Jan 2003
[4] Esam H. Ismail, Mustafa A. Al-Saffar, Ahmad J. Sabzali and Abbas A. Fardoun, “A Family of Single Switch PWM Converters With High Step-Up Conversion Ratio” IEEE Trans. Circuits And Systems—I: regular papers, vol. 55, no. 4, pp.1159-1171,May 2008
[5] Duncan Andrew Grant, Yann Darroman, and James Suter, “Synthesis of Tapped-Inductor Switched-Mode Converters” IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, vol. 22, no. 5, pp.1964-1969, Sep 2007
[6] Rong-Jong Wai, Member, IEEE, and Rou-Yong Duan, “High Step-Up Converter With Coupled-Inductor” IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, vol. 20, no. 5, pp.1025-1035, Sep 2005
[7] Tsai-Fu Wu, Yu-Sheng Lai, Jin-Chyuan Hung and Yaow-Ming Chen “Boost Converter With Coupled Inductors and Buck–Boost Type of Active Clamp”, IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 154-162, Jan 2008
[8] Sang-Kyoo Han, Hyun-Ki Yoon, Gun-Woo Moon, Myung-Joong Youn, Yoon-Ho Kim and Kang-Hee Lee, “A New Active Clamping Zero-Voltage Switching PWM Current-Fed Half-Bridge Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp-1271-1279, Nov 2005
[9] Huafeng Xiao and Shaojun Xie “A ZVS Bidirectional DC–DC Converter With Phase-Shift Plus PWM Control Scheme”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 2, pp.813-823, Mar 2008
[10] Ehsan Adib, Student Member, IEEE, and Hosein Farzanehfard, “Zero-Voltage Transition Current-Fed Full-Bridge PWM Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 1041-1049, Apr 2009
[11] Jung-Min Kwo and Bong-Hwan Kwon “High Step-Up Active-Clamp Converter With Input-Current Doubler and Output-Voltage Doubler for Fuel Cell Power Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 24, no. 1,pp.108-115, Jan 2009
[12] Wuhua Li, Yi Zhao, Yan Deng and Xiangning He, “Interleaved Converter With Voltage Multiplier Cell for High Step-Up and High-Efficiency Conversion”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 25, No. 9, pp. 2397-2408, Sep 2010
[13] Ki-Bum Park, Gun-Woo Moon and Myung-Joong Youn “Nonisolated High Step-up Boost Converter Integrated With Sepic Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 25, No. 9, pp. 2266-2275, Sep 2010
[14] Sang-Kyoo Han, Hyun-Ki Yoon, Gun-Woo Moon, Myung-Joong Youn, Yoon-Ho Kim and Kang-Hee Lee, “A New Active Clamping Zero-Voltage Switching PWM Current-Fed Half-Bridge Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp.1271-1279, Nov 2005
[15] Wuhua Li and Xiangning He, “A Family of Interleaved DC–DC Converters Deduced From a Basic Cell With Winding-Cross-Coupled Inductors (WCCIs) for High Step-Up or Step-Down Conversions”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 1791-1801, Jul 2008
[16] Yu-Kang Lo and Jing-Yuan Lin, “Active-Clamping ZVS Flyback Converter Employing Two Transformers”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 2416-2423, Nov 2007
[17] Yu-Kang Lo, Tsu-Shou Kao and Jing-Yuan Lin, “Analysis and Design of an Interleaved Active-Clamping Forward Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 54, No. 4, pp.2323-2332, Aug 2007
[18] Laszlo Huber and Milan M. Jovanovi´c, “Forward-Flyback Converter with Current-Doubler Rectifier: Analysis, Design, and Evaluation Results”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp.184-192, Jan 1999
[19] Junming Zhang, Xiucheng Huang, Xinke Wu and Zhaoming Qian “A High Efficiency Flyback Converter With New Active Clamp Technique”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 25, no. 7, pp.1775-1785, Jul 2010.
Keywords:
Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS), Voltage Doubler Rectifier (VDR), step up ratio, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)