Study on Environmental impact on oil and gas activities in Ghana - Analysis by graphical approaches using Matlab

  ijett-book-cover  International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)          
  
© 2013 by IJETT Journal
Volume-4 Issue-3                       
Year of Publication : 2013
Authors :  Ramaiah Thirumalai Kumar , Adu-larbi Sampson , Enweani Dorathy , Impakaboari Wokoma , Michael Adjetey Ablorh

Citation 

Ramaiah Thirumalai Kumar , Adu-larbi Sampson , Enweani Dorathy , Impakaboari Wokoma , Michael Adjetey Ablorh . "Study on Environmental impact on oil and gas activities in Ghana - Analysis by graphical approaches using Matlab". International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT). V4(3):344-348 Mar 2013. ISSN:2231-5381. www.ijettjournal.org. published by seventh sense research group.

Abstract

Environmental impact s are main factor in any country. This paper is focused about various types of impacts on oil and gas activities carried ove r in Ghana. We are studied different results for aquatic impacts on different ten areas around the country. pH and turbidity results given the polluted aquatic environment were analyzed by graphical values. Finally the effects of concentration of metals li ke Iron, cadmium and lead concentration with listed location are shown. Using standard methods Oil and grease value evaluated from the range of 6 to 44 mg/L. The graphical approaches are drawn using Mat lab 7.05.

References

[1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics , 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw - Hill, 1964, pp. 15 – 64.
[2] Menzie, C. A., Maurer, D. & Leathem, W. A., “An environmental monitoring study to assess the impact of drilling discharges in the mid - Atlantic”, The effects of drilling di scharges on the benthic community In: Symposium on research on environmental fate and effects of drilling fluids and cuttings, Lake Buena Vista, FL. 1980, pp. 499 – 540.
[3] Kingston, P. F. , “ Field effects of platform discharges on benthic macrofauna ”, Philosoph ical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B316, 1987 , pp. 545 – 555 .
[4] Davies, J. M., & Kingston, P. F., “Sources of environmental disturbance associated with offshore oil and gas developments”, W. F. Cairns (Ed.), North sea oil and the environment. Dev eloping oil and gas resources, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992, pp. 417 – 439.
[5] Black, K. P., Brand, G. W., Grynberg, H., Gwyther, D., Hammond, L. S., Mourtikas, S., Richardson, B. J., & Wardrop, J. A. (). Environmental implications of offshore oil and gas developm ent in Australia - production activities Sydney: Australian Petroleum Exploration Association. 1994, pp. 217 – 396.
[6] Currie, D. R., & Parry, G. D., “The effects of scallop dredging on a soft - sediment community: A large scale experimental study”, Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1996, 134, 131 – 150.
[7] Olsgard, F., Somerfield, P. J., & Carr, M. R., “Relationships between taxonomic resolution and data transformations in analyses of a macro benthic community along an established pollution gradient”. Marine Ecology Progr ess Series, 1997, pp. 149(1 – 3), 173 – 181.
[8] Watts, Michael, “Petro - Violence: Community, Extraction, and Political Ecology of a Mythic Commodity” in Violent Environments, edited by Nancy Lee Peluso and Michael Watts, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001, pp. 189 - 212.
[9] Grant, A., & Briggs, A. D., “Toxicity of sediments from around a North Sea oil platform: Are metals or hydrocarbons responsible for ecological impacts”, Marine Environmental Research, 2002, 53, 95 – 116.
[10] Klungsøyr J., Balk, L., Berntssen, MHG. Bey er, J., Melbye, AG., Hylland, K.. NFR project No.152231/720 – Contamination of fish in the North Sea by the offshore oil and gas industry. Summary report to NFR, 2003.
[11] Woods, R., Stevenson, J., Ingham, R., Huin, N., Clausen, A., &Brown,A. “Important Bird A reas in the Falkland Island”, A Falklands Conservation Report to Bird International, 2004.
[12] Turner, Terisa E and Leigh S. Brownhill. “The Curse of Nakedness: Nigerian Women in the Oil War.” In Feminist Politics, Activism and Vision: Local and Global Challen ges, edited by Luciana Ricciutelli, Angela Miles and Margaret H. McFadden, London: Zed Books. 2005, pp.169 - 191.
[13] Thacker, W.C. “Estimating salinity to complement observed temperature: Gulf of Mexico”, J. Marine Syst. 2007, pp. 65, 224.
[14] Muhlenberg, F. and Bi rklund Andersen, J., “Analysis and assessment of biological and chemical monitoring data from offshore platforms in the Danish sector of the North Sea in 1989 – 2006”, 2008.
[15] Pegg, Scott., “Chronicle of a Death Foretold: The Collapse of the Chad - Cameroon Pi peline Project”, African Affairs, 2009,108 (431): 311 - 320.
[16] Camilli, R., et al., “ Tracking hydrocarbon plume transport and biodegradation ” at Deep water Horizon. Science, 2010, 330, 201.
[17] Akosua k darkwah, “ The impact of oil and gas discovery and exploration on com munities with emphasis on women”, 201 1 .

Keywords
oil and gas activities, water q uality, environmental impacts, graphical approach