Design of Active and Reactive Power Control Management for Fuel cell based Grid Connected Systems
Citation
S.Hemalatha, G. Kala Priyadarshini, K.Presilla Vasanthini "Design of Active and Reactive Power Control Management for Fuel cell based Grid Connected Systems", International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), V51(3),137-144 September 2017. ISSN:2231-5381. www.ijettjournal.org. published by seventh sense research group
Abstract
In order to explore the capacity of fuel cell units in distribution systems, their well-organized modeling is required. A dynamic model of a fuel cell generator system is developed in this paper. The model is built from the dynamics of each part with their interconnections. This abridged model is a useful tool for studying the various operational aspects of fuel cell. The reactive power compensation is a precise feature of fuel cell systems because it will be always very close to the point of usage of electricity. Typically the fuel cell is connected to the power system through a dc/ac converter, which is equipped with both voltage- and power-control loops. Control algorithm of the grid coupling inverter is possible to enable reactive power management of the fuel cell DG system. This paper presents a smart control algorithm of the fuel cell DG grid coupling inverter, which affords active/reactive power management capability for the DG unit. The model is developed in the MATLLAB/Simulink and implemented in Sim Power Systems library.
Reference
[1] J. Redfield, Fuel cells: installation & operation as distributed generation assets?. Southwest Research Institute. Available at: http://www.eere.energy.gov/de/pdfs/road_shows/austin_fuel cells. pdf
[2] U.S.-Canada Power System Outage Task Force Final Report on the August 14, 2003, Blackout in the United States and Canada: Causes and Recommendations, Joint US-Canada Power System Outage Task Force, April 2004, available at: http://www.nerc.com/pub/sys/all_updl/docs/blackout/ch1- 3.pdf
[3] J.C.V.Quintero, ?Decentralized Control Techniques Applied to Electric Power Distributed Generation in Microgrids, PhD Thesis, Technical University of Cataluña, Spain, 2009.
[4] G. Joos, B. T. Ooi, D. McGillis, F. D. Galiana, R. Marceau, "The potential of distributed generation to provide ancillary services" , IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2000.
[5] M. Braun, ?Technological control capabilities of DER to provide future ancillary services, International Journal of Distributed Energy Resources, vol. 3 no 3, 2007.
[6] M. Braun: ?Reactive Power Supply by Distributed Generators, IEEE PES General Meeting 2008, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 20-24 July 2008.
[7] F. Barbir, "PEM Fuel cells: Theory and Practice", Elsevier academic press, 2005.
[8] Staff White Paper on: ?Stationary Fuel Cells for Power Generation, Prepared Pursuant to HB 2845 (77th Legislature), Commercialization of Fuel Cells. Available at: www.puc.state.tx.us/electric/reports/scope/2003/app6fuel_cells.pd f
[9] S. Williamson, A. Emadi, M. Shahidehpour, ?Distributed Fuel Cell Generation in Restructured Power System, Power Systems, Proc. IEEE PES General Meeting, Denver (CO), USA, June 6-9, 2004.
[10] S.H. Chan, O.L. Ding, ?Simulation of a solid oxide fuel cell power system fed by methane, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 30(2), 2005.
[11] B. Gou, W.K. Na, B. Diong , "Fuel cells: Modeling, control, and applications", CRC press; Taylor and Francis, 2010.
[12] J. Padulles, G.W. Ault, J.R. McDonald, ?An integrated SOFC plant dynamicmodel for power systems simulation, Journal of Power Sources (86) 2000.
[13] J. Padulles, G.W. Ault, and J. R. McDonald, ?An Approach to Dynamic Modeling of Fuel Cell Characteristics for Distributed Generation Operation, IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, vol. 1, Las Vegas, NV, February 2000.
[14] S. Soter, F. Bertling , ?Adjustable Converter for Injection of Fuel Cell Power as a Part of a Virtual Power Plant, 35th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Aachen, Germany, 2004.
[15] H. Akagi, E. H. Watanabe, M. Aredes, ?Instantaneous Power Theory and Applications to Power Conditioning, IEEE Press, John Wiley and sons publishers, 2007.
[16] E. Acha, V. Agelidis, O. Anaya-Lara, T. Miller, ?power electronics control in electric systems, Newness publishers, 2002.
17] P. Karlsson, ?Stability of Voltage and Frequency Control in Distributed Generation on Parallel- Connected Converters Feeding Constant Load, EPE 2005, Dresden, Germany Sept. 12-14 2005.
[18] A.V. Timbus, M. Liserre, R. Teodorescu, F. Blaabjerg, ?Synchronization methods for three phase distributed power generation systems. An overview and evaluation, Proceeding of the PESC‘ 05, 2005.
[19] A.V. Timbus, M. Liserre, R. Teodorescu, F. Blaabjerg, ?PLL algorithm or power generation systems robust to grid voltage faults, the Proceedings of 37th IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, June 2006.
[20] N. Hamrouni, M. Jraidi, A. Cherif, ?New control strategy for 2-stage gridconnected photovoltaic power system, Journal of Renewable Energy (33) 2008.
[21] L. N. Arruda, S. M. Silva, and B. Filho, ?PLL structures for utility connected systems, Proc. of IAS‘01, vol. 4, 2001.
[22] S.K. Chung, ?Phase-Locked Loop for grid-connected three-phase power conversion systems, IEE Proceedings on Electronic Power Applications, vol. 147, no. 3, 2000.
[23] C. Schauder, H. Mehta, ?Vector analysis and control of advanced static VAR compensator, IEE Proceedings Vol.140, No.4, July 1993.
[24] A.E. Hassan M.M. El-Saadawi K.M. Abo-Al-Ez M.S. Kandil, ?A Generalized Dynamic Model of A Fuel Cell System for DG Applications, in publish in Al- Azhar 11th Engineering Conference, 21-23 December 2010, Cairo, Egypt.
[25] The Math works documents. Available at: http://www.mathworks.com.
[26] C. T. Killan," Modern Control technology: Components and systems", 2nd edition, Delmar Thomson Learning EE Std. 802.11, 1997.
Keywords
Decentralized Generation (DG), Fuel cell, active power, Reactive power, PWM inverter grid coupling inverter.