An Overview of Free Space Optical Communication

  IJETT-book-cover  International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)          
  
© 2018 by IJETT Journal
Volume-55 Number-3
Year of Publication : 2018
Authors : Sawhil, Swadha Agarwal, Yashasvi Singhal, Priyanka Bhardwaj
DOI :  10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V55P223

Citation 

Sawhil, Swadha Agarwal, Yashasvi Singhal, Priyanka Bhardwaj "An Overview of Free Space Optical Communication", International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), V55(3),120-125 January 2018. ISSN:2231-5381. www.ijettjournal.org. published by seventh sense research group

Abstract
In recent years, Free Space Optical (FSO) communication has gained significant importance in terrestrial applications and wireless communication. Atmospheric conditions prominently affect the performance of FSO system making them highly susceptible to degrading effects of atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors. In this review paper, basics of optical wireless such as its advantages, applications and challenges along with various channel models and modulation schemes employed in free space optical communication are discussed. Comparison between different modulation schemes in different atmospheric turbulences is provided for bit error rate, signal to noise ratio, power efficiency, etc.

Reference
[1] H.A. Willebrandand, B.S. Ghuman, “Fiber optics without fiber,” IEEE Spectrum, vol.38,no.8, pp.40–45, 2001.
[2] H Henniger and O. Wilfert, “An Introduction to Free Space Optical Communications”, Radio Engineering, vol. 19, no. 2, June 2010.
[3] Md Mehedi Farhad, Md. Rubaiyat Islam, Nazmun Nahar Islam, Maruf Mohammad Ali, “Performance Analysis Of Turbo Coded Free Space Optical Communication System Over AWGN Channel”, International Journal of Science and Advanced Technology (ISSN 2221-8386). Volume 3, No 7, July 2013.
[4] M. A. Khaligi and M. Uysal, “Survey on free space optical communication: A communication theory perspective,” IEEE Commun. Surveys and Tutorials, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 2231-2258, June (2014).
[5] T.H. Carbonneau, D.R. Wisley: Opportunities and Challenges for optical wireless; the competitive advantage of free space telecommunications links in today?s crowded market place, in SPIE Conference on Optical Wireless Communications, Massachusetts, 1998
[6] J. Kaufmann, “Free space optical communications: an overview of applications and technologies,” in Proceedings of the Boston IEEE Communications Society Meeting, 2011.
[7] L. C. Andrews, R. L. Phillips, and C. Y. Hopen, “Laser beam scintillation with applications”, SPIE Press, 2001.
[8] John Schuster, Free Space Optics (FSO) Technology Overview, Chief Technology Officer, Terabeam Coporation.
[9] H.kaushal, G.kaddoum, “Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques”, IEEE pub. , Volume: PP, Issue: 99 , 1553-877X, August (2016).
[10] F. David, “Scintillation loss in free-space optic systems”, LASER 2004, Vol. 5338. San Jose USA, 2004.
[11] A. K. Rahman, M. S. Anuar, S. A. Aljunid, and M. N. Junita, “Study of rain attenuation consequence in free space optic transmission,” in Proceedings of the 2nd Malaysia Conference on Photonics Telecommunication Technologies (NCTT-MCP `08), pp. 64–70, IEEE, Putrajaya
[12] Akiba, M., Ogawa, K., Walkamori, K., Kodate, K., Ito, S. Measurement And Simulation Of The Effect Of Snow Fall On Free Space Optical Propagation. Applied Optics, 2008, Vol. 47, No. 31, P. 5736-5743.
[13] M. Ijaz, Z. Ghassemlooy, J. Pesek, O. Fiser, H. Le Minh, and E. Bentley, “Modeling of fog and smoke attenuation in free space optical communications link under controlled laboratory conditions,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 31, no. 11, Article ID 6497447, pp. 1720–1726, 2013
[14] F. Yang, J. Cheng, T. Tsiftsis, “Free-space optical communication with nonzero boresight pointing errors,” IEEE Trans. Commun. 62(2), 713–725 (2014).
[15] Z. Ghassemlooy, W. Popoola, and S. Rajbhandari, Optical Wireless Communications: System and Channel Modelling with MATLAB, New York: CRC Press, 2013.
[16] Dhaval Shah, Bhavin Nayak, Dharmendra Jethawani , “Study Of Different Atmospheric Channel Models”, IJECET, Volume 5, Issue 1, January (2014), pp. 105-112
[17] Mazin Ali A. Ali, “Performance Analysis of WDM-FSO Link under Turbulence Channel”, Journal (World Scientific News), P.p 160-173, 2016.
[18] Kulvir Kaur, Rajan Miglani and Jagjit Singh Malhotra, “The Gamma-Gamma Channel Model - A Survey”, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9(47), December 2016.
[19] Popoola, Wasiu Oyewole. 2009. Subcarrier intensity modulated free-space optical communication systems, Ph.d thesis (September 2009). University of Northumbria at Newcastle
[20] WO Popoola, Z Ghassemlooy. BPSK subcarrier intensity modulated free-space optical communications in
[21] atmospheric turbulence. Journal of Lightwave Technology. 2009; 27: 967-973.
[22] X Tang, S Rajbhandari, WO Popoola, Z Ghassemlooy, E Leitgeb, SS Muhammad, “Performance of BPSK subcarrier intensity modulated free-space optical communications using a log-normal atmospheric turbulence model,” Symposium on Photonics and optoelectronic (SOPO). Chengdu, China. 2010: 1-4.
[23] Yan Li, Mi Li, Yin Poo, Jiachen Ding, Minghui Tang, Yuangang Lu, “Performance analysis of OOK, BPSK, QPSK modulation schemes in uplink of ground-to-satellite laser communication system under atmospheric fluctuation.” Optics Communications. 2014; 3(17): 57-61.
[24] Kamran Kiasaleh, “Performance of Coherent DPSK Free-Space Optical Communication Systems in K Distributed Turbulence” IEEE Transactions on Communications. 2006; 54: 604-607.
[25] Arun K. Majumdar, “Advanced Free Space Optics (A System Approach)”, New York :Springer Series in Optical Scences, Vol.186, 2015 .

Keywords
FSO, Optical wireless, Channel Modelling, Advantages, Modulation schemes, Pointing error, Atmospheric turbulence