Design of Multi-Element Piezoelectric Emitters for Shock Wave Therapy Devices

  IJETT-book-cover  International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)          
  
© 2020 by IJETT Journal
Volume-68 Issue-9
Year of Publication : 2020
Authors : Sergey G. Ponomarev, Andrey V. Smirnov, Aleksandr A. Vasin, Aleksandr V. Reznichenko, Ivan A. Poselskiy, Arkadiy A. Skvortsov, Sergey V. Baranenko
DOI :  10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V68I9P218

Citation 

MLA Style: Sergey G. Ponomarev, Andrey V. Smirnov, Aleksandr A. Vasin, Aleksandr V. Reznichenko, Ivan A. Poselskiy, Arkadiy A. Skvortsov, Sergey V. Baranenko  "Design of Multi-Element Piezoelectric Emitters for Shock Wave Therapy Devices" International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 68.9(2020):130-138. 

APA Style:Sergey G. Ponomarev, Andrey V. Smirnov, Aleksandr A. Vasin, Aleksandr V. Reznichenko, Ivan A. Poselskiy, Arkadiy A. Skvortsov, Sergey V. Baranenko. Design of Multi-Element Piezoelectric Emitters for Shock Wave Therapy Devices  International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 68(9),130-138.

Abstract
In medical practice, not only devices using ultrasound for diagnostics and treatment have become widespread, but also shock wave therapy devices for short-term exposure to tissues with acoustic impulses. The most important part of shock wave therapy devices (hereinafter referred to as “SWTD”) is the applicator is a device that forms a shock wave and ensures its passage to the target area. Focusing the shock wave is important to avoid exposure to areas of the body that are not subject to therapy. The article discusses the requirements and limitations that arise in the design of a piezoelectric shock wave former (applicator), which is a component of the SWTD. The aim of this work is to formulate reasonable requirements for the main structural elements of the SWTD focusing applicator, built based on piezoelectric emitters (piezo elements) and allowing control of the geometric parameters of the shock wave focus - size, shape, and position in space. To solve this problem, the considered design of the SWTD applicator uses the following methods: the use of water as a propagation medium inside the applicator; the use of a silicone membrane to ensure the passage of the shock wave to the target area; the use of piezoelectric elements for converting the energy of an electric pulse into the energy of a shock wave in a propagation medium; control of piezoelectric elements during the formation of a shock wave as elements of a phased array to ensure the possibility of controlling the geometric parameters of the focus of the shock wave. The results of the work are substantiated requirements for the design of the SWTD piezoelectric applicator, built on the principle of a phased array, and allowing controlling the geometric parameters of the focus of the shock wave. The considered method of installing piezoelectric elements provides for the possibility of their simple replacement as they wear out to increase the resource of the applicator as a whole. For piezoelectric SWDT with the ability to control the geometrical parameters of the focus of the shock wave, the applicator should be built on the principle of a phased array with a significant number of elements. In this case, it should be possible to easily replace individual piezoelectric elements.

Reference

[1] J.-M. Escoffre and A. Bouakaz, Eds., Therapeutic Ultrasound (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Book 880), 1st ed. New-York: Springer-Verlag, 2016.
[2] V. N. Khmelev, A. V. Shalunov, S. S. Khmelev, and S. N. Tsyganok. Ultrasound. Apparatuses and Technologies, Biysk: Publishing House of Altai State Technical University, 2015.
[3] M. S. Vijaya. Piezoelectric Materials and Devices: Applications in Engineering and Medical Sciences, Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2013.
[4] T. Gilles. Design, Optimization, and Evaluation of an Extracorporeal Piezoelectric Lithotripter, Lyon: Université de Lyon, 2019.
[5] L. R. Gavrilov. Focused Ultrasound of High Intensity in Medicine, L. R. Gavrilov, Ed. Moscow: Phasis, 2013.
[6] T. J. Dubinsky, C. Cuevas, M. K. Dighe, O. Kolokythas, and J. H. Hwang, “High-intensity focused ultrasound: current potential and oncologic applications,” The American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 190, pp. 191–199, Jan. 2008.
[7] M. Fatemi and A. Alizad, “Ultrasonic evaluation of bone health in patients,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol.146, no.4, pp. 2863-2863, Nov. 2019.
[8] P. B. Rosnitskiy, L. R. Gavrilov, P. V. Yuldashev, O. A. Sapozhnikova, and V. A. Khokhlova, “On the possibility of using multi-element phased arrays for shock-wave effects on deep brain structures,” Acoustic Journal, vol.63, no.5, pp.489-500, Oct. 2017.
[9] A. S. Shilyaev, S. P. Kundas, and A. S. Stukin. “Physical Bases of Ultrasound Application in Medicine and Ecology”. Minsk: International Sakharov Environmental University, 2009.
[10] I. N. Kanevskiy, “Focusing sound, and ultrasonic waves”, Moscow: Nauka, 1977.
[11] E. Kikuchi, Ed., Ultrasonic Transducers. Moscow: Mir, 1972.
[12] D. Cathignol, O. A. Sapozhnikov, and Y. Theillere, “Comparison of acoustic fields radiated from piezo ceramic and piezo composite focused radiators,” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 105, no.5, pp. 2612– 2617, Feb.1999.
[13] S. I. Konovalov, A. T. Kuzmenko, “Pulse mode of the emitter with a corrective RL-chain”, Acoustic Journal, vol. 54, no.4, pp. 682-685, Aug. 2008.
[14] Yu. S. Andriyakhina, I. V. Sinilshchikov, M. M. Karzova, P. V. Yuldashev, and V. A. Khokhlova, “Acceleration of thermal ablation of biological tissue using shock-wave irradiation mode,” Moscow University Physics Bulletin, no. 5, pp. 1750711-1-1750711-4, 2017.
[15] L. R. Gavrilov and J. W. Hand, “A theoretical assessment of the relative performance of spherical phased arrays for ultrasound surgery and therapy,” IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, vol. 47, issue 1, pp. 125–139, Jan. 2000.
[16] L. R. Gavrilov, O. A. Sapozhnikov, and V. A. Khokhlova. “Spiral arrangement of elements of two-dimensional ultrasonic therapeutic lattices as a method of increasing intensity in focus,” Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, vol. 79, no.10, pp. 1386-1392, 2015.
[17] C. R., Hill, J. C. Bamber, and G. R. ter Haar, Eds. “Physical Principles of Medical Ultrasonics”, 2nd ed. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2004.
[18] D. Cathignol. “Nonlinear Acoustics at the Beginning of the 21st Century”. Moscow: MSU, 2002.
[19] Y. Chen, X.-L. Bao, C.-M. Wong, J.Cheng, H.-D. Wu, H.- Z. Song, X.-R. Ji, S.-H. Wu, “PZT Ceramics Fabricated based on Stereolithography for An Ultrasound Transducer Array Application,” Ceramics International, vol. 44, pp.22725–22730, Dec. 2018.
[20] Z.-Y. Chen, X.-J. Qian, X. Song, Q.-G. Jiang, R.-J. Huang, Y. Yang, R.-Z. Li, K. Shung, Y. Chen, and Q.-F. Zho, “Three-Dimensional Printed Piezoelectric Array for Improving Acoustic Field and Spatial Resolution in Medical Ultrasonic Imaging,” Micromachines, vol.10, 170, Feb. 2019. doi:10.3390/mi10030170.
[21] S. A. Ilin, P. V. Yuldashev, V. A. Khokhlova, L. R. Gavrilov, P. B. Rosnitskiy, and O. A. Sapozhnikov, “Application of an analytical method for evaluating the quality of acoustic fields when the focus of multi-element therapeutic arrays is moved electronically:” Acoustic Journal, vol.61, no.1, pp.57–64, Feb. 2015.

Keywords
applicator, focusing, phased array, piezoelectric element, shock wave therapy.