Experimental Investigations of Jet Expansion for Hydraulic Nozzles of Different Materials

Experimental Investigations of Jet Expansion for Hydraulic Nozzles of Different Materials
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© 2022 by IJETT Journal
Volume-70 Issue-2
Year of Publication : 2022
Authors : Hemal Lakdawala, Akshay Gupta, Vimal Patel, Hitesh Jariwala, Gaurang Chaudhari
DOI :  10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V70I2P216

How to Cite?

Hemal Lakdawala, Akshay Gupta, Vimal Patel, Hitesh Jariwala, Gaurang Chaudhari, "Experimental Investigations of Jet Expansion for Hydraulic Nozzles of Different Materials," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 140-150, 2022. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V70I2P216

Abstract
A nozzle is an essential part of fluid and pneumatic system to increase or decrease kinetic energy of fluid at the expense of pressure. The convergent-divergent nozzle is most commonly employed in flow measurement, rocket propulsion systems, jet pumps, hydraulic turbines, etc. A convergent type nozzle solely is more useful in the case of a hydraulic system compared to a diffuser type. In the present study, nozzles with different materials and different exit diameters have been investigated. The effect of varying discharge on jet expansion for the same material with different exit diameters as well as different materials for the identical diameter is also studied. More robust the construction and jet with a smaller diameter is stable enough. For a stable jet, the standoff distance is more otherwise. Spreading of jet leads to loss of kinetic energy as air-entrained at the circumference in the free surface of jet. For the nozzle with 17mm diameter but with different materials, more discharge was found in the case with polymer nozzle, whereas less angle of jet expansion was found with stainless steel nozzle. The jet expansion was found more with a larger diameter nozzle for both stainless steel and polymer. With smaller diameter nozzles of 17 mm, it is likely for jet expansion.

Keywords
Nozzle, Coefficient of discharge, Jet expansion, Material, Nozzle size, Jet quality.

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