Sensor-Less Back-EMF Integration for Control of Brushless DC Motors for Electric Vehicles

Sensor-Less Back-EMF Integration for Control of Brushless DC Motors for Electric Vehicles
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© 2024 by IJETT Journal
Volume-72 Issue-9
Year of Publication : 2024
Author : M. Lakshminarayana, P. V. Prasad, E. Vidyasagar
DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V72I9P133

How to Cite?
M. Lakshminarayana, P. V. Prasad, E. Vidyasagar, "Sensor-Less Back-EMF Integration for Control of Brushless DC Motors for Electric Vehicles," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 72, no. 9, pp. 361-366, 2024. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V72I9P133

Abstract
In order to regulate the rotational speed of a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor for an electric vehicle, an AC-DC converter is shown here. There are two steps to the converter. A diode bridge rectifier is used in the first stage, followed by a DC-DC buck converter in the second. A DC-link capacitor couples the two stages and smooths down the ripple at the rectifier's output. Knowing the rotor location is crucial for speed regulation in BLDC motors. This project presents the use of an EMF-based sensor-less control technique for rotor position detection. To manage the rotational velocity of the BLDC motor, a feedback control system based on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) has been developed for the DC-DC buck converter. This technique has been implemented for the speed control of brushed DC motors, but nowadays, there is a vast number of applications for the BLDC motor. So, an efficient speed control system is necessary. Sensor-less speed control technique overcomes the shortcomings of the sensored control technique, such as temperature sensitivity and higher costs. Hence, this project presents the implementation of sensor-less control for the speed control of BLDC motors for electric vehicles using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Keywords
Brushless DC motor, Sensor-less back-EMF integration, Commutation points, AC-DC converter, Continuous conduction, DC-DC converter, Feedback control, Pulse width modulation.

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