Plant Fibres in Self-Compacting Concrete: A Literature Review on Mechanical and Thermal Reinforcement
Plant Fibres in Self-Compacting Concrete: A Literature Review on Mechanical and Thermal Reinforcement |
||
 |
 |
|
| © 2025 by IJETT Journal | ||
| Volume-73 Issue-7 |
||
| Year of Publication : 2025 | ||
| Author : Maryem BALI, Hanane MOULAY ABDELALI, Toufik CHERRADI | ||
| DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P110 | ||
How to Cite?
Maryem BALI, Hanane MOULAY ABDELALI, Toufik CHERRADI, "Plant Fibres in Self-Compacting Concrete: A Literature Review on Mechanical and Thermal Reinforcement," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 7, pp.105-126, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P110
Abstract
Self-compacting concrete is a construction material designed to fill complex and congested formwork without requiring vibrations to consolidate the mixture. This makes it particularly useful in situations where traditional compaction methods are impractical. It is commonly used in heavily reinforced structures where mechanical properties are crucial. To enhance these properties, different types of fibres are incorporated, creating a composite material with enhanced strength and durability for construction. This paper aims to evaluate the role of plant fibers in improving the performance of self-compacting concrete. First, it presents a comprehensive overview of this material, including its formulation methods. Then, the focus shifts to plant fibers, discussing their origins, chemical composition, physical characteristics, and mechanical properties. Various fiber extraction methods and treatment techniques are also reviewed, aiming to optimize their performance. Subsequently, the study examines the influence of several types of natural plant fibers on the mechanical and thermal behavior of self-compacting concrete. This led to the main purpose of this paper, which is to demonstrate that reinforcing self-compacting concrete with plant fibers yields positive results in various aspects, potentially providing a substitute for industrial fibers. Incorporating plant fibers, like jute, hemp, banana, and palm fibers, contributes significantly to self-compacting concrete’s improved strength and insulation capacity. Banana fibers increased flexural strength by 42,59%, while 5% palm fiber reduced thermal conductivity by 73.4%, demonstrating excellent insulation properties. These results underscore the viability of plant fibers as renewable and environmentally friendly options instead of synthetic fibers, meeting the rising demand for energy-efficient and environmentally conscious construction materials.
Keywords
Self compacting concrete, Plant fibers, Fibers treatment, Mechanical properties, Thermal conductivity.
References
[1] Raili Kajaste, and Markku Hurme, “Cement Industry Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Management Options and Abatement Cost,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 112, pp. 4041‑4052, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] Ali Issa Fares et al., “Characteristics of Ferrochrome Slag Aggregate and its Uses as a Green Material in Concrete-A Review,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 294, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] Mahmoud Saad Matthieu, “Potential of Short Plant Fibers in Improving the Mechanical Behavior of Mortars,” Doctorate Dissertation, University of Toulouse, 2022.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Lisa Barbara Ratiarisoa, “Study of 2D Natural Materials: Potential for Use as Reinforcement of Composite Materials,” Doctoral Thesis, University of the Antilles, 2019.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Boudjemaa Agoudjil et al., “Renewable Materials to Reduce Building Heat Loss: Characterization of Date Palm Wood,” Energy and Buildings, vol. 43, no. 2-3, pp. 491‑497, 2011.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] Nadia Benmansour et al., “Thermal and Mechanical Performance of Natural Mortar Reinforced with Date Palm Fibers for Use as Insulating Materials in Building,” Energy and Buildings, vol. 81, pp. 98‑104, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] A. Bouguerra et al., “Effect of Microstructure on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Lightweight Concrete Prepared from Clay, Cement, And Wood Aggregates,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 1179‑1190, 1998.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] S. Schiavoni et al., “Insulation Materials for the Building Sector: A Review and Comparative Analysis,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 62, pp. 988‑1011, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] Yunshi Pan et al., “A Study Using a Combined Method of Scientometric and Manual Analysis to Review the Present Research of Plant Fibres Reinforced Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 341, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Tingshu He et al., “Experimental Study of High-Performance Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Produced with Recycled Wood Fibre and Rubber Powder,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 234, pp. 559‑567, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] I.M.G. Bertelsen, L.M. Ottosen, and G. Fischer, “Influence of Fibre Characteristics on Plastic Shrinkage Cracking in Cement-Based Materials: A Review,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 230, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] N. Banthia, and R. Gupta, “Test Method for Evaluation of Plastic Shrinkage Cracking in Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Materials,” Experimental Techniques, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 44-48, 2007.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Hajime Okamura, and Masahiro Ouchi, “Self-Compacting Concrete,” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 5-15, 2003.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] Hanis Nadiah Ruslan et al., “Review on Performance of Self Compacting Concrete Containing Solid Waste and Bibliometric Properties: A Review,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 86, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Smita Badgujar, and Arun Kumar Dwivedi, “Microstructural Analysis of Self-Compacting Concrete-A Review,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 65, pp. 1250‑1259, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Tawfeeq Ahmad Wani, and S. Ganesh, “Study on Fresh Properties, Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete: A Review,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 62, pp. 6663‑6670, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Mouhcine Benaicha et al., “Porosity Effects on Rheological and Mechanical Behavior of Self-Compacting Concrete,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 48, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] Geert De Schutter et al., Self-Compacting Concrete, Whittles Publishing, 2008.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Jinhua Jin, “Properties of Mortar for Self-Compacting Concrete,” Doctoral Thesis, University of London, pp. 1-398, 2002.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Jiong Hu, and Kejin Wang, “Effect of Coarse Aggregate Characteristics on Concrete Rheology,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1196‑1204, 2011.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] S. Girish, R.V. Ranganath, and Jagadish Vengala, “Influence of Powder and Paste on Flow Properties of SCC,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 2481‑2488, 2010.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] T. Sedran, and F. De Larrard, “Optimization of Self-Compacting Concrete Thanks to Packing Model,” 1st International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, RILEM Pro007, pp. 321‑332, 1999.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] Philippe Turcry, and Ahmed Loukili, “Different Approaches to the Formulation of Self-Compacting Concretes,” French Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 425‑450, 2003
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] Caijun Shi et al., “A Review on Mixture Design Methods for Self-Compacting Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 84, pp. 387‑398, 2015.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[25] Hajime Okamura, “Self-Compacting High-Performance Concrete,” International Concrete Abstracts Portal, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 50-54, 1997.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[26] H. Okamura, K. Ozawa, and M. Ouchi, “Self-Compacting Concrete,” Structural Concrete, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 3‑17, 2000.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[27] Van Khanh Bui, and D. Montgomery, “Mixture Proportioning Method for Self-Compacting High-Performance Concrete with Minimum Paste Volume,” 1st International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, pp. 373‑384, 1999.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[28] François Cussigh, “Recommendations for the Use of Self-Compacting Concrete,” French Civil Engineering Association, 2008.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[29] Donald E. Dixon et al., “ACI PRC-211.1-91: Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete,” American Concrete Institute, pp. 1-38, 1996.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[30] Ghazi F. Kheder, and Rand S. Al Jadiri, “New Method for Proportioning Self-Consolidating Concrete Based on Compressive Strength Requirements,” American Concrete Institute Materials Journal, vol. 107, no. 5, pp. 490-497, 2010.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[31] Mohammed Sonebi, “Medium Strength Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Fly Ash: Modelling Using Factorial Experimental Plans,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 1199‑1208, 2004.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[32] Erdoğan Ozbay et al., “Investigating Mix Proportions of High Strength Self Compacting Concrete by Using Taguchi Method,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 694‑702, 2009.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[33] Genichi Taguchi, System of Experimental Design; Engineering Methods to Optimize Quality and Minimize Costs, New York: UNIPUB/Kaus International, 1987.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[34] M. Ramesh, K. Palanikumar, and K. Hemachandra Reddy, “Plant Fibre Based Bio-Composites: Sustainable and Renewable Green Materials,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 79, pp. 558‑584, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[35] Troyes France, Plant Fibers and Reinforcements - Material Solutions, The Platform for the Application of Plant Fibers, Fibers Research and Development (FRD), 2012. [Online]. Available: https://www.f-r-d.fr/produits/catalogue/
[36] Younes Zouaoui, “Rheological and Hygrothermal Behavior of Composites Reinforced with Plant Fibers,” Engineering-Theses, University of Sherbrooke, 2022.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[37] Sawsen Chafei, “Influence of Different Treatments on the Rheological and Mechanical Behavior of a Cementitious Mortar-Flax Fiber Composite,” Doctoral Thesis, University of Caen Basse-Normandie, 2014.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[38] L. Mwaikambo, “Review of the History, Properties and Application of Plant Fibres,” African Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 7, no. 2, 2006.
[Google Scholar]
[39] Abdelkader Bendahou et al., “Isolation and Structural Characterization of Hemicelluloses from Palm of Phoenix Dactylifera L.,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 601‑608, 2007.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[40] Majed D. Alotaibi et al., “Characterization of Natural Fiber Obtained from Different Parts of Date Palm Tree (Phoenix Dactylifera L.),” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 135, pp. 69‑76, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[41] A. Koutous, and E. Hilali, “Reinforcing Rammed Earth with Plant Fibers: A Case Study,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 14, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[42] Romildo D. Tolêdo Filho et al., “Development of Vegetable Fibre-Mortar Composites of Improved Durability,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 185‑196, 2003.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[43] Camille Magniont, “Contribution to the Formulation and Characterization of an Eco-Construction Material Based on Agro-Resources,” University of Toulouse, Doctoral Thesis, 2010.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[44] Mahmoud Saad, Vincent Sabathier, and Anaclet Turatsinze, “Natural Fibers vs. Synthetic Fibers Reinforcement: Effect on Resistance of Mortars to Impact Loads,” Construction Technologies and Architecture, vol. 1, pp. 95‑102, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[45] G. Ramakrishna, and T. Sundararajan, “Studies on the Durability of Natural Fibres and the Effect of Corroded Fibres on the Strength of Mortar,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 575‑582, 2005.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[46] C. Baley, “Analysis of the Flax Fibres Tensile Behaviour and Analysis of the Tensile Stiffness Increase,” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 939‑948, 2002.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[47] Jonathan Page, “Formulation and Characterization of A Biofibered Cementitious Composite for Prefabricated Construction Processes,” Doctoral Thesis, Normandy University, 2017.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[48] Tung Le Hoang, “Characterization Study of the Behavior of Cement Composites Incorporating Short Flax Fibers,” Doctoral Thesis, University of Caen Lower Normandy, 2013.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[49] Kathleen Van de Velde, and Paul Kiekens, “Thermoplastic Pultrusion of Natural Fibre Reinforced Composites,” Composite Structures, vol. 54, no. 2‑3, pp. 355‑360, 2001.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[50] H.N. Dhakal, Z.Y. Zhang, and M.O.W. Richardson, “Effect of Water Absorption on the Mechanical Properties of Hemp Fibre Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites,” Composites Science and Technology, vol. 67, no. 7‑8, pp. 1674‑1683, 2007.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[51] D. Nabi Saheb, and J.P. Jog, “Natural Fiber Polymer Composites: A Review,” Advances in Polymer Technology: Journal of the Polymer Processing Institute, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 351‑363, 1999.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[52] Romildo D Tolêdo Filho et al., “Durability of Alkali-Sensitive Sisal and Coconut Fibres in Cement Mortar Composites,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 127‑143, 2000.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[53] Holmer Savastano Jr et al., “Plant Fibre Reinforced Cement Components for Roofing,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 433‑438, 1999.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[54] G. Ramakrishna, and T. Sundararajan, “Impact Strength of a Few Natural Fibre Reinforced Cement Mortar Slabs: A Comparative Study,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 547‑553, 2005.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[55] Hossein Sarbaz, Hossein Ghiassian, and Ali Akbar Heshmati, “CBR Strength of Reinforced Soil with Natural Fibres and Considering Environmental Conditions,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 577‑583, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[56] Sergio Pons Ribera, “Valorization of Plant Fibers in Cementitious Materials: Application in Fluid Screed Formulations,” Thesis, Gustave Eiffel University, 2022.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[57] Mohamed Dallel, “Evaluation of the Textile Potential of Alfa Fibers (Stipa Tenacissima L.): Physicochemical Characterization of the Fiber to the Yarn,” Doctoral Dissertation, University of Haute Alsace-Mulhouse, 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[58] Jianqiang Wei, and Christian Meyer, “Improving Degradation Resistance of Sisal Fiber in Concrete through Fiber Surface Treatment,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 289, pp. 511‑523, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[59] Bernard Adjei Antwi-Afari et al., “Influence of Fiber Treatment Methods on the Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete Reinforced with Sisal Fibers,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 1-17, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[60] A. Sellami, M. Merzoud, and S. Amziane, “Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Green Concrete by Treatment of the Vegetals Fibers,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 47, pp. 1117‑1124, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[61] Didier Snoeck, Pierre-André Smetryns, and Nele De Belie, “Improved Multiple Cracking and Autogenous Healing in Cementitious Materials by Means of Chemically-Treated Natural Fibres,” Biosystems Engineering, vol. 139, pp. 87‑99, 2015.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[62] Tahar Tioua et al., “Influence of Date Palm Fiber and Shrinkage Reducing Admixture on Self-Compacting Concrete Performance at Early Age in Hot-Dry Environment,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 154, pp. 721‑733, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[63] Tahar Ali-Boucetta et al., “Treatment of Date Palm Fibres Mesh: Influence on the Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Fibre-Cement Composites,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 273, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[64] M.A.S. Alencar et al., “Feasibility Study of Incorporation of Bamboo Plant Fibers in Cement Matrices,” Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment, vol. 2, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[65] Zied Kammoun, and Abderraouf Trabelsi, “Mechanical Characteristics of a Classical Concrete Lightened by the Addition of Treated Straws,” Advances in Concrete Construction, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 375‑386, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[66] Wenjie Wang et al., “A Critical Review on the Properties of Natural Fibre Reinforced Concrete Composites Subjected to Impact Loading,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 77, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[67] João de Almeida Melo Filho, Flávio de Andrade Silva, and Romildo Dias Toledo Filho, “Degradation Kinetics and Aging Mechanisms on Sisal Fiber Cement Composite Systems,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 40, pp. 30‑39, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[68] Julian Eduardo Mejia-Ballesteros et al., “Influence of the Fiber Treatment and Matrix Modification on the Durability of Eucalyptus Fiber Reinforced Composites,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 124, pp. 1-5, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[69] K. Poongodi, and P. Murthi, “Impact Strength Enhancement of Banana Fibre Reinforced Lightweight Self-Compacting Concrete,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 27, pp. 1203‑1209, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[70] K. Poongodi, P. Murthi, and R. Gobinath, “Evaluation of Ductility Index Enhancement Level of Banana Fibre Reinforced Lightweight Self-Compacting Concrete Beam,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 39, pp. 131‑136, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[71] Sharanabasava Patil, Ramesh Bhaskar, and Joseph Raj Xavier, “Optimization of Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Lateritic Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Sisal Fiber Using Response Surface Methodology,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 84, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[72] Genbao Zhang et al., “Properties of Sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Activated Jute Fiber and Waste Mineral Powders,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 19, pp. 1740‑1758, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[73] R. Prakash et al., “Fresh and Mechanical Characteristics of Roselle Fibre Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Fly Ash and Metakaolin,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 290, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[74] M. Vaishnavi et al., “Strength and Workability Characteristics of Coir and Nylon Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Mortar,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 46, pp. 4696‑4701, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[75] Xiaofeng Yang et al., “Research on the Mechanism of Elevated Permeability Resistance in Recycled Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 20, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[76] André Vitor Benedito et al., Numerical Study of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams Without Transverse Reinforcement Using Random Material Properties, 64th Brazilian Concrete Congress, Florianópolis, pp. 1-13, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374945829_NUMERICAL_STUDY_OF_FIBER-REINFORCED_CONCRETE_BEAMS_WITHOUT_TRANSVERSE_REINFORCEMENT_USING_RANDOM_MATERIAL_PROPERTIES
[77] Alaa N. Saleh et al., “Impact of Nano-Silica (SiO2) on Thermic Properties of Concrete,” Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 746‑755, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[78] A. Kriker et al., “Mechanical Properties of Date Palm Fibres and Concrete Reinforced with Date Palm Fibres in Hot-Dry Climate,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 554‑564, 2005.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[79] Ashwin Narendra Raut, and Christy Pathrose Gomez, “Thermal and Mechanical Performance of Oil Palm Fiber Reinforced Mortar Utilizing Palm Oil Fly Ash as a Complementary Binder,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 126, pp. 476‑483, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[80] K.A.P. Wijesinghe et al., “Thermal and Acoustic Performance in Textile Fibre-Reinforced Concrete: An Analytical Review,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 412, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[81] Mohamed Bentchikou et al., “Effect of Recycled Cellulose Fibres on the Properties of Lightweight Cement Composite Matrix,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 34, pp. 451‑456, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[82] Maheswaran Chellapandian, Jeyaprakash Maheswaran, and Nakarajan Arunachelam, “Thermal and Mechanical Properties of a Sustainable Bio-Flax Fibre-Based Lightweight Aggregate Concrete,” Magazine of Concrete Research, vol. 76, no. 7, pp. 350‑365, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[83] Zahia Saghrouni, Dominique Baillis, and Abdelmajid Jemni, “Composites Based on Juncus Maritimus Fibers for Building Insulation,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 106, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[84] Siham Sakami et al., “Development of Alfa Fiber-Based Mortar with Improved Thermo-Mechanical Properties,” Applied Sciences, vol. 10, no. 22, pp. 1-17, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[85] Mouatassim Charai et al., “Hygrothermal, Mechanical and Durability Assessment of Vegetable Concrete Mixes Made with Alfa Fibers for Structural and Thermal Insulating Applications,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 335, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[86] Andrea Petrella et al., “Experimental Investigation on Environmentally Sustainable Cement Composites Based on Wheat Straw and Perlite,” Materials, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1-22, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[87] Arnas Majumder et al., “Jute Fiber-Reinforced Mortars: Mechanical Response and Thermal Performance,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 66, pp. 1-59, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[88] Franck Komi Gbekou et al., “Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cement Mortar Composites Incorporating Micronized Miscanthus Fibers,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 26, pp. 7649‑7664, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[89] Asma Sellami et al., “Study of Toughness and Thermal Properties of Bio-Composite Reinforced with Diss Fibers for Use as an Insulating Material,” Energy and Buildings, vol. 276, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[90] Nadjoua Bellel, and Nadir Bellel, “Sustainable Heat Insulation Composites Based on Portland Cement Reinforced with Date Palm Fibers,” Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, vol. 18, pp. 1-10, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]