Detecting Fake News in Social Media in Early Publishing Stages: Deep Fake Detect
Detecting Fake News in Social Media in Early Publishing Stages: Deep Fake Detect |
||
![]() |
![]() |
|
© 2025 by IJETT Journal | ||
Volume-73 Issue-7 |
||
Year of Publication : 2025 | ||
Author : Vedpriya Dongre, Pragya Shukla | ||
DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P114 |
How to Cite?
Vedpriya Dongre, Pragya Shukla, "Detecting Fake News in Social Media in Early Publishing Stages: Deep Fake Detect," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 7, pp.168-178, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P114
Abstract
Social media's fake and manipulated content may disturb social harmony and peace. Therefore, identifying and preventing harmful content posting on social media is an essential but complex task. Social media may circulate hateful and fake information as a result of the publication of harmful content. This paper presents a deep learning model using a multi-model feature fusion technique to deal with the harmful content flooding in social media. The proposed model includes the InceptionV3 for deep image feature extraction, and the GloVe pre-trained model has been used to capture the content and contextual features. Next, the extracted features are fused using the concatenation layer, and a stack of dense layers is used with different filter sizes to learn and classify the harmful content to prevent posting on social media. The experiments have been done, and parameters have been tuned to increase the detection capabilities. The model can provide 65% correct recognition of harmful content.
Keywords
Data mining, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Multi-model feature fusion, Transfer learning, Deep feature learning.
References
[1] Chin-Wen Chang, and Sheng-Hsiung Chang, “The Impact of Digital Disruption: Influences of Digital Media and Social Networks on Forming Digital Natives’ Attitude,” SAGE Open, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1-10, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] Gil Appel et al., “The Future of Social Media in Marketing,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 79-95, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] Niels Frederik Lund, Scott A. Cohen, and Caroline Scarles, “The Power of Social Media Storytelling in Destination Branding,” Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, vol. 8, pp. 271-280, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Sarah A. Fisher, Jeffrey W. Howard, and Beatriz Kira, “Moderating Synthetic Content: The Challenge of Generative AI,” Philosophy & Technology, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1-20, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Mark A. Flynn, Emery Veilleux, and Alexandru Stana, “A Post from the Woods: Social Media, Well-Being and Our Connection to the Natural World,” Computers in Human Behavior Reports, vol. 5, pp. 1-10, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] Rana Ali Adeeb, and Mahdi Mirhoseini, “The Impact of Affect on the Perception of Fake News on Social Media: A Systematic Review,” Social Sciences, vol. 12, no. 12, pp. 1-24, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] M. Sudhakar, and K.P. Kaliyamurthie, “Detection of Fake News from Social Media using Support Vector Machine Learning Algorithms,” Measurement: Sensors, vol. 32, pp. 1-8, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] Suhaib Kh Hamed, Mohd Juzaiddin Ab Aziz, and Mohd Ridzwan Yaakub, “A Review of Fake News Detection Approaches: A Critical Analysis of Relevant Studies and Highlighting Key Challenges Associated with the Dataset, Feature Representation, and Data Fusion,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 10, pp. 1-21, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] Tariq Habib Afridi et al., “A Multimodal Memes Classification: A Survey and Open Research Issues,” The Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Smart City Applications, Safranbolu, Turkey, pp. 1451-1466, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Bingbing Wang et al., “What Do They ‘‘Meme’’? A Metaphor-Aware Multi-Modal Multi-Task Framework for Fine-Grained Meme Understanding,” Knowledge-Based Systems, vol. 294, pp. 1-11, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Cristian Vaccari, and Andrew Chadwick, “Deepfakes and Disinformation: Exploring the Impact of Synthetic Political Video on Deception, Uncertainty, and Trust in News,” Social Media + Society, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-13, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] Despoina Mouratidis, Andreas Kanavos, and Katia Kermanidis, “From Misinformation to Insight: Machine Learning Strategies for Fake News Detection,” Information, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 1-30, 2025.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Jawaher Alghamdi, Yuqing Lin, and Suhuai Luo, “The Power of Context: A Novel Hybrid Context-Aware Fake News Detection Approach,” Information, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1-22, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] Rohit Kumar Kaliyar, Anurag Goswami, and Pratik Narang, “FakeBERT: Fake News Detection in Social Media with a BERT-Based Deep Learning Approach,” Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 80, no. 8, p. 11765-11788, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Esma Aïmeur, Sabrine Amri, and Gilles Brassard, “Fake News, Disinformation and Misinformation in Social Media: A Review,” Social Network Analysis and Mining, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Bo Hu, Zhendong Mao, and Yongdong Zhang, “An Overview of Fake News Detection: From a New Perspective,” Fundamental Research, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 332-346, 2025.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Jawaher Alghamdi, Suhuai Luo, and Yuqing Lin, “A Comprehensive Survey on Machine Learning Approaches for Fake News Detection,” Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 83, no. 17, pp. 51009-51067, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] Shiwen Ni, Jiawen Li, Hung-Yu Kao, “MVAN: Multi-View Attention Networks for Fake News Detection on Social Media,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 106907-106917, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Rohit Kumar Kaliyar, Anurag Goswami, Pratik Narang, “EchoFakeD: Improving Fake News Detection in Social Media with an Efficient Deep Neural Network,” Neural Computing and Applications, vol. 33, no. 14, pp. 8597-8613, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Bhuvanesh Singh, and Dilip Kumar Sharma, “Predicting Image Credibility in Fake News Over Social Media using Multi-Modal Approach,” Neural Computing and Applications, vol. 34, no. 24, pp. 21503-21517, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] Anastasia Giachanou, Guobiao Zhang, and Paolo Rosso, “Multimodal Multi-image Fake News Detection,” 2020 IEEE 7th International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA), Sydney, NSW, Australia, pp. 647-654, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] Tong Zhang et al., “BDANN: BERT-Based Domain Adaptation Neural Network for Multi-Modal Fake News Detection,” 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Glasgow, UK, pp. 1‑8, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] Beizhe Hu et al., “Bad Actor, Good Advisor: Exploring the Role of Large Language Models in Fake News Detection,” Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-24), vol. 38, no. 20, pp. 22105-22113, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] Liwen Peng et al., “Not All Fake News is Semantically Similar: Contextual Semantic Representation Learning for Multimodal Fake News Detection,” Information Processing & Management, vol. 61, no. 1, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[25] Jiaying Wu, Jiafeng Guo, and Bryan Hooi, “Fake News in Sheep’s Clothing: Robust Fake News Detection Against LLM-Empowered Style Attacks,” KDD '24: Proceedings of the 30th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Barcelona Spain, pp. 3367-3378, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[26] Xiaochang Fang et al., “NSEP: Early Fake News Detection Via News Semantic Environment Perception,” Information Processing and Management, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 1-17, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[27] Ehtesham Hashmi et al., “Advancing Fake News Detection: Hybrid Deep Learning with FastText and Explainable AI,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 44462-44480, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[28] Jawaher Alghamdi, Yuqing Lin, and Suhuai Luo, “Fake News Detection in Low-Resource Languages: A Novel Hybrid Summarization Approach,” Knowledge-Based Systems, vol. 296, pp. 1-13, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[29] Aditya, Hate Speech Detection Dataset, Kaggle, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/aditya1220/hate-speech-detection-dataset/data.
[30] Shardul Suryawanshi et al., “Multimodal Meme Dataset (MultiOFF) for Identifying Offensive Content in Image and Text,” Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Trolling, Aggression and Cyberbullying, Marseille, France, pp. 32-41, 2020.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]