Studying and Comparing the Ability of Iodine in Khaudak Underground Water to Sink in the form of a Compound based on Starch and Diphenylamine
Studying and Comparing the Ability of Iodine in Khaudak Underground Water to Sink in the form of a Compound based on Starch and Diphenylamine |
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| © 2025 by IJETT Journal | ||
| Volume-73 Issue-7 |
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| Year of Publication : 2025 | ||
| Author : Uralov N.B, Turaev Kh.Kh, Normurodov B.A, Norboev A.J, Arifdjanova K | ||
| DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P135 | ||
How to Cite?
Uralov N.B, Turaev Kh.Kh, Normurodov B.A, Norboev A.J, Arifdjanova K, "Studying and Comparing the Ability of Iodine in Khaudak Underground Water to Sink in the form of a Compound based on Starch and Diphenylamine," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 7, pp.466-478, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P135
Abstract
This paper focuses on the complex separation of iodine from groundwater in the Kkhaudak region (Surkhandarya, Republic of Uzbekistan), an area characterized by iodine-rich water and proximity to oil fields with high mineral content. Several methods were employed to isolate iodine, and the results obtained were compared. The study describes the selective transfer of iodine into compounds to facilitate its separation from groundwater, which contains a variety of minerals. Such water primarily contains sodium chloride and is enriched with various anions and cations, including potassium, iron, calcium, magnesium, strontium, lead, copper, zinc, as well as elements like silicon, arsenic, sulfur, bromine, iodine, chlorine, phosphorus, and selenium. The formation of iodine complexes in saltwater using starch and diphenylamine was investigated, and the effectiveness of these agents was compared. Particular attention was given to the characterization of the iodine compound formed in the presence of iron (III) chloride (FeCl₃) and diphenylamine. Structural and compositional analyses were carried out using Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The IR spectra showed asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of the amine (-NH-) group in diphenylamine at 3406 cm⁻¹ and 3381 cm⁻¹, along with a characteristic secondary aromatic amine vibration at 1317 cm⁻¹. According to XRF analysis, the iodine content in the isolated complex from groundwater was approximately 6%, while the iodine separation efficiency from saltwater exceeded 90%.
Keywords
Diphenylamine, Starch, Khaudak water, Iron (III)-chloride, X-ray fluorescence.
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