Geomagnetically Induced Currents: Review, Impact, and Mitigation Strategies
Geomagnetically Induced Currents: Review, Impact, and Mitigation Strategies |
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| © 2025 by IJETT Journal | ||
| Volume-73 Issue-10 |
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| Year of Publication : 2025 | ||
| Author : Tlotlollo Sidwell Hlalele | ||
| DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I10P121 | ||
How to Cite?
Tlotlollo Sidwell Hlalele,"Geomagnetically Induced Currents: Review, Impact, and Mitigation Strategies", International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 10, pp.266-277, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I10P121
Abstract
Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) from space weather can adversely impact electrical grids, pipelines, railways, and other conducting infrastructure. This systematic review synthesizes 25 recent studies to survey the current knowledge on GIC generation mechanisms, documented impacts, and mitigation strategies. GICs emerge from complex interactions between geomagnetic storms, the geoelectric field, and power grid topology, requiring advanced modeling to better predict. Transformer saturation appears to be the predominant grid impact, potentially causing voltage instability and equipment damage. Pipelines may also suffer accelerated corrosion. Proposed mitigation approaches include installing blocking devices, improving forecasting, and tailoring hardware design. However, significant gaps remain regarding GIC effects on emerging grid technologies, validation of models with measurements, optimal mitigation prioritization, and risk assessments incorporating cost-benefit tradeoffs. Realizing GIC-resilient infrastructure will require coordinated efforts across the space science, engineering, economic, and public policy domains. This review summarizes foundational GIC concepts while highlighting critical research questions to aid in managing this natural hazard as reliance on technology grows.
Keywords
Geomagnetically Induced Currents, Power Grids, Pipelines, Mitigation, Modelling.
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