Waste Assessment Model for an Innovative Engineering Educational Framework: Integrating Lean Management into Outcome-Based Engineering Education (OBEE)
Waste Assessment Model for an Innovative Engineering Educational Framework: Integrating Lean Management into Outcome-Based Engineering Education (OBEE) |
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| © 2025 by IJETT Journal | ||
| Volume-73 Issue-11 |
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| Year of Publication : 2025 | ||
| Author : Saifur Rahman | ||
| DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I11P112 | ||
How to Cite?
Saifur Rahman ,"Waste Assessment Model for an Innovative Engineering Educational Framework: Integrating Lean Management into Outcome-Based Engineering Education (OBEE)", International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 11, pp.147-164, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I11P112
Abstract
The rapid proliferation of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems has introduced unprecedented cybersecurity challenges that require advanced detection and response mechanisms. This paper presents a novel cybersecurity framework that leverages Digital Twin (DT) technology to create a comprehensive security solution for IIoT environments. The proposed framework addresses critical limitations in existing approaches by integrating three interconnected models within a unified digital twin architecture that provides real-time monitoring, intelligent anomaly detection, and automated threat classification. The methodology creates a dynamic virtual replica of the physical IIoT network, enabling proactive security management through continuous behavioral analysis and predictive threat assessment. The framework was evaluated using the Edge-IIoT dataset containing 63 features across 15 attack classes plus normal traffic. Experimental results demonstrate exceptional performance with a classification accuracy of 99.97%, Precision (Pr) of 99.77%, Recall (Re) of 99.64%, and F1-score (Fs) of 99.70% for multiclass threat classification. The anomaly detection component achieved a Pr of 99.74% and ROC-AUC of 90.79%, effectively distinguishing between normal and malicious network behaviors. The reconstruction-based anomaly detection mechanism showed clear separation between normal traffic (mean reconstruction error: 0.006) and attack traffic (mean reconstruction error: 1.289), validating the framework’s ability to identify previously unseen threats. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed digital twin-based approach in providing comprehensive cybersecurity protection for IIoT environments, significantly outperforming traditional security solutions while enabling real-time threat response and proactive incident management.
Keywords
Anomaly Detection, Cybersecurity, Digital Twin, Edge-IIoT Dataset, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Machine Learning, Threat Classification.
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