Design and Development of an Energy Management System for Residential Consumers
Design and Development of an Energy Management System for Residential Consumers |
||
 |
 |
|
| © 2025 by IJETT Journal | ||
| Volume-73 Issue-1 |
||
| Year of Publication : 2025 | ||
| Author : Miriam S. Galvez |
||
| DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I1P128 | ||
How to Cite?
Miriam S. Galvez, "Design and Development of an Energy Management System for Residential Consumers," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 1-13, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I1P128
Abstract
Proper management of the electrical system at the residential level and awareness of the homeowners’ energy usage contribute to the efficient use of electrical energy. Through the development of a mobile application, homeowners can turn on and off devices when not in use and monitor their energy usage using their phones. The study focused on designing and developing such applications that provide remote access for users. The circuit comprises a microcontroller, voltage and current sensors, relays, and circuit breakers. Meanwhile, convenience outlets are connected to the electrical branches. During testing, all buttons displayed what they were supposed to show or do; however, there was a mishap due to an unstable Wi-Fi connection and some faulty electrical connections. Hence, the researchers recommend utilizing the system in a 2.4 GHz network.
Keywords
Internet of Things, Controlling electrical systems, Energy consumption, Energy awareness, Energy Blynk application.
References
[1] Philippine Energy Situationer & Key Energy Statistics 2020, Department of Energy, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doe.gov.ph/energy-statistics/2020- philippine-energy-situationer
[2] Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Electricity, World Nuclear Association, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/energy-and-the-environment/carbon-dioxide-emissions-from-electricity.aspx
[3] OECD, OECD Contribution to the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development 15: Energy for Sustainable Development, 2007. [Online]. Available: https://realc.olade.org/documento.php?doc=46569
[4] María del P. Pablo-Romero, Rafael Pozo-Barajas, and Rocío Yñiguez, “Global Changes in Residential Energy Consumption,” Energy Policy, vol. 101, pp. 342-352, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Why are Household Energy Efficiency Measures Important for Tackling Climate Change?, The London School of Economics and Political Science, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/why-are-household-energy-efficiency-measures-important-for-tackling-climate-change/
[6] Benjamin Volland, “The Role of Risk and Trust Attitudes in Explaining Residential Energy Demand: Evidence from the United Kingdom,” Ecological Economics, vol. 132, pp. 14-30, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] Hannah Ritchie, Pablo Rosado, and Max Roser, Energy Production and Consumption, Our World in Data, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://ourworldindata.org/energy-production-consumption
[8] Apinya Chanthakett et al., Hydrogen Production from Municipal Solid Waste using Gasification Method, Hydrogen Conversion Energy and Management, Elsevier, pp. 103-131, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] Zhao Chun-Sheng, Niu Shu-Wen, and Zhang Xin, “Effects of Household Energy Consumption on Environment and its Influence Factors in Rural and Urban Areas,” Energy Procedia, vol. 14, pp. 805-8011, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Blake Alcott, “Jervon’s Paradox,” Ecological Economics, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 9-21, 2005.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Philippa Howden-Chapman et al., “Warm Homes: Drivers of the Demand for Heating in the Residential Sector in New Zealand,” Energy Policy, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 3387-3399, 2009.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] Koen Steemers, and Geun Young Yun, “Household Energy Consumption: A Study of the Role of Occupants,” Building Research and Information, vol. 37, no. 5-6, pp. 625-637, 2009.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Pierre Delforge, “Home Idle Load: Devices Wasting Huge Amounts of Electricity When Not in Active Use,” NRDC Issue Paper, pp. 1-36, 2015.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] Dorothy Joy M. Tongol et al., “Energy Assessment on Standby Power Consumption of Common Household Electronic Appliances,” International Journal of Progressive Research in Science and Engineering, vol. 3, no. 12, pp. 166-170, 2022.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] A. Vasiliu et al., “A Study on the Energy Consumption of the Electrical and Electronic Household and Office Equipment in Standby and Off-Mode,” The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 26-30, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Claire Far, Iftekhar Ahmed, and Jamie Mackee, “Significance of Occupant Behaviour on the Energy Performance Gap in Residential Buildings,” Architecture, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 424-433, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Confronting the Energy Crisis: Changing Behaviours to Reduce Energy Consumption, ECOSCOPE, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://oecdecoscope.blog/2023/04/17/confronting-the-energy-crisis-changing-behaviours-to-reduce-energy-consumption/comment-page-1/
[18] Corinna Fischer, “Feedback on Household Electricity Consumption: A Tool for Saving Energy?,” Energy Efficiency, vol. 1, pp. 79-104, 2008.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Abigail Nana Ama Baidoo et al., “Households’ Energy Conservation and Efficiency Awareness Practices in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana,” Discover Sustainability, vol. 5, pp. 1-18, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Brian Motherway et al., Empowering People to Act: How Awareness and Behaviour Campaigns Can Enable Citizens to Save Energy During and Beyond Today’s Energy Crisis, International Energy Agency, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/commentaries/empowering-people-to-act-how-awareness-and-behaviour-campaigns-can-enable-citizens-to-save-energy-during-and-beyond-today-s-energy-crisis
[21] Gianluca Trotta, “Electricity Awareness and Consumer Demand for Information,” Interbattional Journal of Consumer Studies, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 65-79, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] Feng Xia et al., “Internet of Things,” International Journal of Communication Systems, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 1101-1102, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] Wen-Jye Shyr et al., “Application of an Energy Management System via the Internet of Things on a University Campus,” EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 1759-1766, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] P. Kannan et al., GSM Based Smart Energy Meter System, Advances in Parallel Computing, IOS Press, pp. 749-753, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Publisher Link]
[25] Vishal S. Undre et al., “Advance Energy Management Using GSM Technology,” 2014 Students Conference on Engineering and Systems, Allahabad, India, pp. 1-4, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[26] Anirban Sarkar et al., “A Smart Control System of Home Appliances Using SMS,” Global Journal of Researches in Engineering, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 2017.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[27] A.O.A. Alubodi, I.B.N. Al-Mashhadani, and S.S. Mahdi, “Design and Implementation of a Zigbee, Bluetooth, and GSM-Based Smart Meter Smart Grid,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 4th International Conference on Engineering Sciences, Kerbala, Iraq, vol. 1067, pp. 1-10, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[28] P. Murugeswari, M. Sheik Dawood, and R. Devika, “Residential Energy Management System Using IoT,” Malaysian Multidisciplinary Journal, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 43-54, 2022.
[Publisher Link]
[29] Sriman Dhar, Richard Victor Biswas, and Taiaba Rahat Ritu, “Smart Home Energy Monitoring System,” EasyChair Preprint, pp. 1-6, 2023.
[Publisher Link]
[30] Hiral S. Doshi, Minesh S. Shah, and Umair S.A. Shaikh, “Internet of Things (IoT): Integration of BLYNK for Domestic Usability,” Vishwakarma Journal of Engineering Research, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 149-157, 2017.
[Google Scholar]
[31] Bader M.O. Al-thobaiti et al., “Design and Implementation of a Reliable Wireless Real-Time Home Automation System Based on Arduino Uno Single-Board Microcontroller,” International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 11-15, 2014.
[Google Scholar]
[32] Arun Cyril Jose, and Reza Malekian, “Smart Home Automation Security: A Literature Review,” Smart Computing Review, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 269-285, 2015.
[Google Scholar]
[33] Akindele Olufemi Abegunde, Doudou Nanitamo Luta, and Atanda Kamoru Raji, Low Cost, Robust and Multi-Functional Smart Meter, Smart Metering Technologies, IntechOpen, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[34] Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gas-equivalencies-calculator