IJBTT

Effect of Materials and their Geometry on Performance of Electromagnetic Braking System

Effect of Materials and their Geometry on Performance of Electromagnetic Braking System
	© 2025 by IJETT Journal
	Volume-73 Issue-7
	Year of Publication : 2025
	Author : Gembali Srinivasagupta, Gedela,Sasikumar, M.S. Srinivasa Rao
	DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P115

How to Cite?
Gembali Srinivasagupta, Gedela,Sasikumar, M.S. Srinivasa Rao, "Effect of Materials and their Geometry on Performance of Electromagnetic Braking System," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 7, pp.179-188, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V73I7P115

Abstract
A Conventional or mechanical braking system involves applying pedal force on the brake shoe, which comes in contact with the brake drum and stops the vehicle due to enough friction force by opposing the wheel's rotational motion. This results in a lot of heat generation and frequent worn out of brake shoes. Also, it is prone to accidents unless timely replacement and maintenance are carried out properly. On the other hand, the non-contact nature of magnetic and electromagnetic brakes leads to effective performance of braking action. Of course, it requires detailed analysis and implementation of various parameters like magnetic field generation, number of magnets, air gap, material selection, and understanding properties like conductivity, electromagnetic intensity, and various geometrical parameters. It has been observed from the literature that a number of attempts have been made by researchers on the analysis of magnetic brakes by considering these parameters, except that they have focused on the effect of material selection and geometry on the braking system's effectiveness. Theoretical analysis involves the principle of Lenz’s law. A more concrete understanding is feasible through experiments for validating the theoretical results. In order to validate the results, a prototype model to carry out experiments has been developed. In this work, an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of materials selection and geometrical parameters of disc-like width, Radius of magnetic core, and Radius of disc, etc, on effective braking system performance and its validation.

Keywords
Electromagnetic braking system, Magnetic field intensity, Conductive materials, Lenz’s law, Torque.

References
[1] H.D. Wiederick et al., “Magnetic Braking: Simple Theory and Experiment,” American Journal of Physics, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 500-503, 1987.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] Scott B. Hughes, “Magnetic Braking: Finding the Effective Length Over which the Eddy Currents,” Junior Independent Study Thesis, Physics Department, The College of Wooster, Ohio 44691, 2000.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] Kapjin Lee, and Kyihwan Park, “Modelling Eddy Currents with Boundary Conditions by Using Coulomb’s Law and the Method of Images,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 1333-3140, 2002.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Mark A. Heald, “Magnetic Braking: Improved Theory,” American Journal of Physics, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 521-522, 1988.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Er. Shivanshu Shrivastava, “A Parametric Analysis of Magnetic Braking - The Eddy Current Brakes - For High Speed and Power Automobiles and Locomotives Using SIMULINK,” International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, vol. 3, no. 8, pp. 11131-11138, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] H.M. McConnell, “Eddy-Current Phenomena in Ferromagnetic Material,” Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part I: Communication and Electronics, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 226-235, 1954.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] Thomas Hollowell et al., “Eddy Current Brake Design for Operation with Extreme Back-Drivable Eddy Current Motor,” University of Michigan Library, 2010.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] Kapjin Lee, and Kyihwan Park, “Analysis of an Eddy-Current Brake Considering Finite Radius and Induced Magnetic Flux,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 92, no. 9, pp. 5532-5538, 2002.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] Jun Liu et al., “Analysis of Linear Eddy Current Brakes for Maglev Train Using an Equivalent Circuit Method,” IET Electrical Systems in Transportation, vol.11, no. 3, pp. 218-226, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Ye-Ji Park et al., “A Study on the Design of a Variable Power Electromagnetic Brake for Industrial Applications,” Machines, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1-12, 2025.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Lennart Guckes et al., “Evaluation of an Electromagnetically Actuated Drum Brake Concept,” Automotive and Engine Technology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 127-140, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] M.R.A Putra et al., “Heat Generation Problem in the Eddy Current Brake: A Mini-Review,” Cogent Engineering, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1-20, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]